Journal of Clinical Virology - Volume 82 - Supplement 1 - September 2016

127 / 152

Abstracts / Journal of Clinical Virology 82S (2016) S1–S142 S123
Coxsackie A6 (20%), EV71 (4.8%) and echo 3 (3.4%) were the most
commonly detected. Analysis of clinical data showed a significant
association between hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) and geno-
types EV71 (risk ratio, rr13.6; Confidence interval, CI 5.4–33.9) and
Coxsackie A6 (rr29.4; CI 17.7–48.8). In 2014, Coxsackie A16 was
found in stool samples from one AFP case and EV-D68 was found
in respiratory specimens from two AFP cases.
Conclusion: This study shows the seasonal fluctuation in circu-
lating EVgenotypes fromone year to the next, verified inprevalence
switches mainly between Coxsackievirus and echovirus genotypes.
In addition to the well-known association between HFMD and
EV71, we detected an association between Coxsackie A6 andHFMD,
which has of late also been observed in other countries. These find-
ings highlight the importance of continued EV surveillance in order
to establish the virulence of circulating and upcoming EV genotypes
and appropriately guide specific Public Health recommendations.
Abstract no: 312
Presentation at ESCV 2016: Poster 206
Different epidemiological characteristics of
respiratory virus infections in children and
adults
Christiane Prifert∗, Benedikt Weissbrich
Institute of Virology, University of Wuerzburg,
Germany
Acute respiratory tract infections (RTI) are mostly caused by
viruses and are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality espe-
cially in young children, the elderly, and in immunocompromised
patients. We analyzed epidemiological characteristics of RTI in a
university hospital setting in the winter seasons 2015 and 2016.
Diagnostics of respiratory viruses was performed prospec-
tively with the multiplex PCR “FTD Respiratory Pathogens 21”
(Fast-track Diagnostics). This kit allows detection of influenza
A and B virus (Flu A and B), respiratory syncytial virus
(RSV), metapneumovirus (MPV), adenovirus (AdV), coronaviruses
(CoV) 229E/OC43/NL63/HKU1, parainfluenzaviruses (PIV) 1-4, rhi-
novirus, enterovirus, parechovirus and bocavirus (BoV). Results of
respiratory virus testingwere analyzed of all samples received from
the hospital of the University of Würzburg, Germany, during the
period January 2015 to April 2016. For data analysis, the study
periodwas subdivided into first season (January 2015 to June 2015)
and second season (July 2015 to April 2016).
During the study period, 4136 respiratory samples from 2905
patients at the university hospital Würzburg were tested for the
presence of respiratory viruses by multiplex PCR, 2948 in the first
season and 1188 in the second season. The median age of the
patients was 50.3 years (range 0.01–98.3). Of the 2905 patients
1139 (39.2%) were children. The male versus female ratio was
1.34:1. The overall positivity rate was 37.8% in the first season,
47.1% in the second season, and 40.4% during the whole study
period. The positivity rate in children was significantly higher than
in adults (61.4% versus 29.5%). Similarly, the rate of double virus
detections was significantly higher in children than in adults (17.8%
versus 6.5%). Detection of three or more viruses in one sample was
only observed in children (4.6%). In both seasons the leading virus
detected in respiratory samples was rhinovirus with 27.9% and
25.4%, respectively, of all positive samples. Rhinoviruswas followed
by Flu A (21.7%), RSV (15.8%), and PIV (12.9%) during the first sea-
son and by RSV (18.8%), CoV (17.4%), Flu A (14.7%), andMPV (12.7%)
during the second season.
The virus distributions in both seasons were considerably dif-
ferent between children and adults.
In summary, comparison of results of respiratory virus diag-
nostics in children and adult populations shows substantial
differences, which demonstrates the need and usefulness of multi-
plex PCR for broad spectrum detection of respiratory viruses.
Abstract no: 313
Presentation at ESCV 2016: Poster 207
Presence of human bocavirus 1 and other viral
co-infections in hospitalized children with
lower respiratory tract infection in Latvia
A. Vilmane ∗, S. Rasa , I. Ziemele ,
D. Gardovska Murovska ora-Krukle
1 A. Kirchenstein Institute of Microbiology and
Virology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
2 Children Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
3 Department of Paediatrics, Riga Stradins
University, Riga, Latvia
Background: Acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI), espe-
cially lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), is the common
cause of illness and hospitalization in children worldwide. How-
ever, in many cases the etiological agent of disease is unknown.
The viruses primarily associated with respiratory tract infections
in children are respiratory syncytial viruses, influenza viruses,
parainfluenza viruses, adenoviruses, coronaviruses, rhinoviruses
and enteroviruses. In recent years the role of several new respi-
ratory viruses in respiratory tract diseases have been reported,
including human metapneumovirus, four coronaviruses (SARS-
CoV, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, MERS-CoV) and human bocavirus
1 (HBoV1). The aim of this study was to determine the presence
of HBoV1 and 18 other respiratory viruses in nasopharyngeal aspi-
rates (NPAs) from hospitalized children with LRTI in Latvia.
Material and methods: Forty four children (28 male and 16
female) aged one to 50 months who were hospitalized in Chil-
dren’s Clinical University Hospital and fulfilled WHO LRTI criteria
plus had fever (T ≥ 380 ◦C) were enrolled in this study. In all
cases the etiological agent of the disease was not revealed using
standard routine clinical methods. NPAs from all patients were
obtained on admission and DNA from NPAs was extracted using
phenol-chloroform method. All 44 DNA samples were tested for
HBoV1 and 18 other respiratory viruses (influenza viruses A, A-H1,
A-H1pdm09, A-H3 and B, respiratory syncytial viruses A and B, ade-
novirus, enterovirus, parainfluenza viruses 1–4, metapneumovirus,
rhinovirus, coronaviruses NL63, 229E and OC43) using multiplex
real-time PCR method.
Results: Among 44 patients with LRTI, 29 (65.9%) were posi-
tive for HBoV1 which was the most frequently detected virus in
patients. However, only HBoV1 genomic sequence without any
analysed coinfection was detected in two out of 29 (6.9%) patients.
Respiratory syncytial virus A was found in 23 out of 44 (52.3%) DNA
samples and it was the most common co-infection. Other respira-
tory viruses detected were: adenovirus in 14 (31.8%), rhinovirus
in 9 (20.5%), respiratory syncytial virus B in 7 (15.9%), metapneu-
movirus in 3 (6.8%), parainfluenza virus 3 in 2 (4.5%), coronavirus
229E in 2 (4.5%), (enterovirus in 1, influenza A virus in 1, influenza
B virus in 1), coronavirus OC43 in 1 and coronavirus NL63 in 1
patient with LRTI. In 13 cases presence of more than two respi-
ratory pathogens were found and in two cases, none of the tested
respiratory viruses were detected.